Scientific Murder Essay examples -- essays research papers fc

Scientific MurderHuman Experimentation in Nazi Germany     The Nazis were infamous for their cruel and unusual experiments on humans. Although they played a small crock up of Nazi Germanys attempt at racial hygiene, these experiments desecrated and exterminated thousands of humans (Lifton 269). "The Nazi medical experiments of the 1930s and 1940s are the most famous example of recent terminate for ethical conduct " (Polit & Hungler 127). For the sake of science, thousands lost their lives "I have no words. I thought we were human beings. We were living creatures. How could they do things like that?" (Auschwitz survivor as quoted in Lifton 269). Was it really science, or was it murder?     After the Nazis seized power in 1933, patients no longer had protection by law from German scientists. These scientists could hold any method of "research or treatment". "Terrible experiments carried out in the concentration camps were symptomatic of this amoral attitude of the German scientific community" (Friedlander 131). earlier to 1933, scientists promoted radical measures in the study of racial science. "Prominent eugenicists-anthropologists, geneticists, psychiatrists-influenced both Nazi ideologues and a generation of scientists and physicians" (Friedlander 123). Literature from these scientists influenced Adolf Hitler and many scientists during the Nazi period (Friedlander 123).      Science in Germany quickly adjusted to the ideas of race and eugenics. "The enthusiastic participation of the scientific and medical establishment in the sterilization program was an indication of the fact that its ideology move with that of the Nazi movement (Friedlander 125). The concept of racial hygiene was the foundation of Germanys eugenic and racial policy. State hospital directors and scientists founded institutes and departments for researching heredity. In order for s cientist to move up in rank, they were coerced to come after with racial hygiene as prescribed by the regime. "Loyalty to ideology determined access to research grants and job opportunities" (Friedlander 126).      Euthanasia became a solution to the job of the slow process of mass sterilization. German scientists were eager to benefit ... ...wledge in science and medicine" (Caplan 65). The German anthropological and psychiatric scientists trapped themselves with their own fabulous beliefs. "Every science at its beginning builds on its own mythological foundations. As it progresses, those parts which can no longer be integrated into the building block are dropped" (Muller-Hill 101). The scientists of the Third Reich proved to be malicious and destructive and "in the last analysis, stupid" (Muller-Hill 101). German scientists proved themselves to be traitors to science as they spilled the line of descent of innocent victims to con secrate their myth (Muller-Hill 101). BibliographyCaplan, Arthur L. When Medicine Went Mad. Totowa Humana Press, 1992.Friedlander, Henry. The Origins of Nazi Genicide From Euthanasia to the FinalSolution. Chapel Hill London University of North Carolina Press, 1995.Lifton, Robert J. The Nazi Doctors. New York Basic Books, Inc., Publishers, 1986.Polit, Denise F., and Bernadette P. Hungler. Essentials of nursing Research. Philadelphia New York Lippencott-Raven, 1997.Muller-Hill, Benno. Murderous Science. Oxford New York Tokyo OxfordUniversity Press, 1988.

Schenck v. United States (1919) :: essays research papers

Schenck v. united States (1919) The Schenck court case of 1919 developed out of opposition to U.S. involvement in World War I (1914-1918). Antiwar sentiment in the United States was particularly strong among socialists, German Americans, and religious groups that traditionally supported antiviolence. In response to this outlook, Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917. This law provided heavy fines and jail terms for fussy with U.S. soldiery machine operations or for causing or attempting to cause insubordination or disloyalty in the military. In addition, the act made it illegal to obstruct recruitment efforts of the U.S. armed forces.Among the many Americans convicted of violating the Espionage Act was Charles Schenck, general secretary of the Socialist Party of the United States. In 1917 Schenck sent copies of a letter urging resistance to the military draft to 15,000 men who had been drafted but not yet inducted into the U.S. military. Schencks letter claimed that the draf t violated the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery and prohibited involuntary servitude. Schenck argued that forced enrollment into the military was a form of involuntary servitude and therefore should be prohibited. The letters also claimed that businesses had conspired to lead the United States to war, against the interests of average Americans. Schenck advised readers to assert their individual rights by opposing the draft, but he did not directly promote violence or avoidance of the draft laws.Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., delivered a judgment that established guidelines for evaluating the limits of free actors line. In Schencks case, Court had to decide whether the First Amendment protected his words, even though it might have had the power to cause opposition to the draft. The First Amendment states that Congress shall marque no law...abridging the freedom of speech. The Court concluded that because Schencks speech was intended to create opposi tion to the draft, he was not protected by the First Amendment. Holmes considered the context of Schencks speech as well as its intent. In his opinion, he created a new legal test the clear and present danger test that was designed to expose when certain forms of speech were not protected by the First Amendment.

Jamaica’s Troubled Past Essay -- A Level Essays

Jamaicas Troubled PastThe MaroonsJamaicas fighting odor can be seen even in its early days with the Maroons. The fighting spirit is not uncommon with people who are oppressed or pressure against their will. The Maroons came in two waves, the first are slaves that fled during the Spanish rule, the second wave was during British control. The Maroons used the highlands of Jamaica to seek refuge, establish colonies and attack plantations when needed. Even today the beliefs and herb tea practices of the Maroons are still evident in Jamaican culture. Their trouble past has made their life difficult but even today they are a presence in Jamaica.The First DesertersThe idea of gala affairs did not take long in the Caribbean islands. Jamaica was not the only island experiencing runaways, Haiti, Cuba, and many Latin American countries were all move victim to these guerilla style warfare tribes. During the first years of Spanish control the island of Hispaniola (Spanish Jamaica) experienced many problems with slaves. Columbus suggested to King Ferdinand in the first garner from his voyage of discovery, I can bring slaves that are captured people, as many as are wanted. Disease and overwork killed many of the peaceable, indigenous Arawaks. Others hanged themselves, drank poisonous tapioca plant juice, murdered and aborted their children rather than be enslaved. A few, the first Maroons, escaped into the craggy hills. (Olson, pg.234) Recent excavations at Nanny Town, the most important early Maroon settlement, bet on Maroon oral traditions that the first African refugees found accommodation among the Arawak. (Olson, pg.234) Correspondence from the last decade of the sixteenth century also suggests that Spanish colonial officials w... ...keth. obi Witchcraft in the West Indies. Negro Universities Press. Westport, Connecticut. 1970.Buckley, Roger. Slaves in Red Coats. Yale University Pess, New Haven, CT. 1979.Campbell, Marvis. The Maroons of Jamaica 1655-1796. Africa n World Press, Inc. Trenton, NJ. 1990.Drescher, Seymour. Econocide British Slavery in the Era ofAbolition. University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, PA. 1977Hall, Gwendolyn. Social go steady in Slave Plantation Societies. The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 1971.Olson, Eric. (Feb 2000). Mountain Rebels The Flight from Slavery of Jamaicass Maroons. World and I v152, p234. Available Expanded Academic Research.Reidell, Heidi. (Jan-Feb 1990). The Maroon culture of endurance. (history of Jamaicas runaway slaves) Americas (English Edition) v42 n1, p46(4). Available Expanded Academic Research.

Great Expectations :: Great Expectations Essays

Great ExpectationsWhat techniques does Dickens use to present the characters?Dickens uses a variety of techniques in order to present hischaracters. By doing this it gives us a better and a clearer jut out ofthe characters.The first technique Ill consider is his use of language which he usesvery well. This technique is utilize to present his characters veryeffectively. Dickens aim is to show how physically and mentallydestroyed Ms. Havisham is. He does this by surrounding her with imagesand language of death. The phrase corpse-like tells us this. Itshows the auditory modality that Ms. Havisham is half alive yet half dead. Thatshe looks like a corpse. The words corpse-like suggests that Ms.Havisham is the living dead. By using this language it will give thereader an image and idea on how Ms. Havisham looks and feels. Dickensalso tells us that she has, a dead lull upon her. This is implyingthat she no longer has life or energy. She looks like as if she isdying. just about life less . It suggests that Ms. Havisham is very calmand quiet. Dickens uses these words to illustrate that Ms. Havisham isdying and her mental state is or has been destroyed. Grave clothesis also showing the interview that she has an appearance of a persondead. He continues to use this because he is using languages of deathand images of death and by using this it will give the reader an counterbalancebetter impression of Ms. Havisham. Dickens k presentlys that nobody wearsgrave clothes apart from people who are dead and buried. It is as ifshe has buried herself alive in the polarity because her heart has beenbroken.Dickens also uses languages of loss. The words once white, nowyellow is implying she had a prime, and now she is past it. It alsosuggests that Ms. Havishams belongings were once white, now yellowas well. Dickens wants to show the readers that his protagonist hasnothing left, wherefore he links Ms. Havisham to the idea of loss,she has lost its lustre, she has even lost her hum anity structure, andchest had dropped. Her fianc has left her and she cannot carry onwith her life. Dickens is emphasizing that his character has losteverything. She was attractive, bright but now has lost her lifeshine, radiance and therefore is now dull and old. The readers seethat Ms. Havisham is a lost soul and cannot carry on with her life.Nothing would ever lift it up again helps support this. It is aphorismthat whatever is done she would never recover and she will never be

Frankenstein Today :: essays research papers fc

Is the Technology of Today Ready to Create Mary Shelleys Frankenstein?When the novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley came out in 1831 the general public was introduced to the idea of man creating another man, scientifically without the use of reproduction. The disasters that followed, in the novel, demonstrated the horrid fact that creating military personnel was not natural. That was in 1831, when the knowledge of science had not yet evolved enough to act on such an idea. Now as the start of a young millenium approaches, having the capability to scientifically produce one human who is genetically identical to another, or cloning a human, has a lot of people questioning suffer or not it is our moral right to do such a thing. It is a classic debate between principles of science and principles of religion.The more we know to the highest degree genetics and the building blocks of life the closer we get to being capable of cloning a human. The study of chromosomes and desoxyribonuclei c acid strains has been going on for years. In 1990, the Unites States organization founded the Human Genome Project (HGP). This program was to research and study the estimated 80,000 human genes and determine the sequences of 3 billion DNA molecules. Knowing and being able to examine for each one sequence could change how humans respond to diseases, viruses, and toxins common to everyday life. With the technology of today the HGP expects to have a blueprint of all human DNA sequences by the spring of 2000. This accomplishment, even though not cloning, presents other new issues for individuals and society. For this reason the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) was brought in to identify and address these issues. They operate to secure the individuals rights to those who contribute DNA samples for studies. The ELSI, being the biggest bioethics program, has to decide on important factors when an individuals personal DNA is calculated. Such factors would include who would have access to the information, who controls and protects the information and when to use it? on with these concerns, the ESLI tries to prepare for the estimated impacts that genetic advances could be responsible for in the near future. The availability of such information is becoming to broad and one needs to be come to where society is going with it.The next step after scientists have identified and studied adult DNA would be to copy it.

Frankenstein Today :: essays research papers fc

Is the Technology of Today Ready to Create Mary Shelleys Frankenstein?When the novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley came out in 1831 the general earthly concern was introduced to the idea of man creating a nonher man, scientifically without the use of reproduction. The disasters that followed, in the novel, demonstrated the horrid fact that creating kind-hearteds was not natural. That was in 1831, when the knowledge of science had not yet evolved enough to act on such an idea. Now as the start of a new millenium approaches, having the capability to scientifically produce one human who is genetically identical to an other(a), or cloning a human, has a lot of people questioning weather or not it is our moral right to do such a thing. It is a classic debate between principles of science and principles of religion.The more we know about genetics and the building blocks of life the closer we complicate to being capable of cloning a human. The flying field of chromosomes and DNA strain s has been going on for years. In 1990, the Unites States Government founded the Human Genome Project (HGP). This program was to research and study the estimated 80,000 human genes and determine the sequences of 3 billion DNA molecules. Knowing and being able to examine each sequence could change how humans respond to diseases, viruses, and toxins universal to everyday life. With the technology of today the HGP expects to have a blueprint of all human DNA sequences by the spring of 2000. This accomplishment, even though not cloning, presents other new issues for privates and society. For this reason the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) was brought in to identify and address these issues. They operate to secure the individuals rights to those who contribute DNA samples for studies. The ELSI, being the biggest bioethics program, has to decide on important factors when an individuals personal DNA is calculated. Such factors would include who would have access to the inf ormation, who controls and protects the information and when to use it? Along with these concerns, the ESLI tries to prepare for the estimated impacts that genetic advances could be responsible for in the near future. The availability of such information is becoming to broad and one needs to be concerned where society is going with it.The next step after scientists have identified and studied adult DNA would be to copy it.

Love Esaay

24HourAnswers. com Online Homework Focused Exercises for Math SAT Skill Set 17 Sequences M either of the problems in this exercise set came from The College Board, writers of the SAT exam. 1. 7, 15, 31, 63, The first frontier in the successiveness above is 7, and each experimental condition subsequently the first is inflexible by multiplying the antecedent shape by m and then adding p. What is the value of m ? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 1 2 3 4 9 2. 2, 6, 14, 30, In the sequence above, the first term is 2. Each form after the first is obtained by adding 1 to the introductory number and then doubling the result.What is the sixth number in the sequence? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 122 123 124 125 126 3. 150, 30, 6, 1f f f In the sequence above, each term after the 1st term is f of the term 5 preceding it. What is the 5th term of this sequence? 4. The first term of a sequence is 20 and the second term is 8. The third term and each term thereafter is the average (arithmetic mean) of the two terms immediately preceding it. What is the value of the first term in the sequence that is not an integer? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 22. 6 1. 23 24. 7 12. 5 6. 8 5. a, 3a, The first term in the sequence above is a, and each term after the first is 3 clock the preceding term. If the unification of the first 5 terms is 605, what is the value of a ? 6. 8, 17, 26, 35, 44, The first 5 terms in a sequence are shown above. Each term after the first is found by adding 9 to the term immediately preceding it. Which term in a this sequence is equal to 8 ? 26 1 9 ? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 7. The 8th The 9th The 25th The 26th The 27th In the repeating decimal 0. 1246812468 where the digits 12468 repeat, which digit is in the 4,000th place to the right of the decimal point? A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 1 2 4 6 8 8. The first term of a sequence of numbers is 3 . Each term after the first is obtained by multiplying the preceding term by 1 and then subtracting 1. What is the 75th term of the sequence? (A) 73 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 4 (E) 73 9. 3, 5, -5, The first term in the sequence of numbers shown above is 3. Each even numbered term is 2 more than the previous term and each odd numbered term, after the first, is -1 times the previous term. For example, the second a term is 3 + 2, and the third term is 1 B 5 . What is the 55th term of the sequence? A) 5 (B) 3 (C) 1 (D) 3 (E) 5 10. The first two numbers of a sequence are 1 and 3, respectively. The third number is 4, and, in general, every number after the second is the sum of the two numbers immediately preceding it. How many of the first 1,000 numbers in this sequence are odd? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 333 cholecalciferol 665 666 667 11. 1, 0, 1, 2 A sequence is formed by repeating the 4 numbers above in the same order indefinitely. What is the sum of the first 28 terms of the sequence? 12. 1, 2, 1, 1, 2 , . . . The first five terms of a sequence are shown above.After the second term, each term can be obtained by subtracting from the pr evious term the term before that. For example, the third term can be obtained by subtracting the first term from the second term. What is the sum of the first 36 terms of the sequence? (A) 0 (B) 4 (C) 12 (D) 24 (E) 30 13. 5. 101001000100001 The decimal number above consists of only 1s and 0s to the right of the decimal point. The first 1 is followed by one 0, the second 1 is followed by two 0s, the third 1 is followed by three 0s, and so on. What is the total number of 0s between the 98th and the hundred-and-first 1 in this decimal number? A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 288 291 294 297 300 14. 1,234, 1,920,21 ,484,950 The integer above is formed by writing the integers from 1 to 50, in order, next to each other. If the integer is read from left to right, what is the 50th digit from the left? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 0 1 2 3 9 15. R Y G W B R Y G Y G W B The figure above shows the remaining pieces of a paper chain from which a department has been removed. The first link of the original chain was r ed and the colors of the links formed the repeating pattern of red (R), yellow (Y), green (G), white (W), and depressed (B) from left to right.Which of the sideline could be the number of links in the section that was removed? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 60 61 62 63 64 16. The first term of a sequence is 3 and every term after the first is 5 more than the term immediately preceding it. What is the value of the 101st term? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 505 502 500 497 492 17. 1f f f After the first term, each term in a sequence is 3 greater than f of the 3 preceding term. If t is the first term of the sequence and t ? 0 , what is the ratio of the second term to the first term? t ffff ? 9 ffff fff (A) ffff 3 t ffff ? ff fff f3 (B) ffff 3 ffff ? ff fff f9 (C) ffff 3t t ffff ? ff fff f3 (D) ffff 3t 9fffff 2t fffff fffff (E) fffff 3 18. 8, a, 14, b, 20, The first term of the sequence above is 8. Which of the following could be the formula for finding the nth term of this sequence for any positive int eger n ? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 2n + 6 3n + 5 5n + 3 6n + 2 6n + 5 19. 3, 6, 11, 18, The first four terms of a sequence are shown above. Which of the following could be the formula that gives the nth term of this sequence for all positive integers n ? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 2n 2n + 1 3n n2 ? 1 n2 ? 2

Legal Ethics Healthcare Essay

The legal design of vicarious liability and the Doctrine of Respondeat Superior occurs when the employee commits a tort or civil wrong within the eye socket of employment and the employer is held liable although the master may have done nothing wrong( Regan 2002). Physicians and other healthcare providers need to be aware of this doctrine in the charge of their staff and their day-to-day medical checkup examination practice.The legal relationship between an employer and an employee is called agency. The employer is called the principal when engaging someone to act for him. The person who does the work for the employer is called the agent. The theory behind respondeat superior(p) is that the principal controls the agents behavior and must then assume some responsibility for the agents actions (Phelps & Lehman 2005).Most medical malpractice suits are filed as result of negligence (ie, a sheath of tort or civil wrong) Negligence is defined by what a reasonably prudent person wo uld or would not do in the same or similar circumstance. Negligence can result from the individual medical provider or from some type of agency relationship that exists between two or more health care providers. In general, when we discuss the relationship between agency and malpractice, we refer to the concept of vicarious liability and the Doctrine of Respondeat Superior ( Columbia 2000).In the context of medical malpractice a negligence action is often precipitated by a badly outcome. Numerous cases have involved the concept of vicarious liability and the Doctrine of Respondeat Superior as a successful cause of a medically slack action. Recent changes in the health care system may contribute to additional causes of action being recognized.As managed care has moved to the forefront of health care, many medical providers have left independent practice and become employees of large health care organizations (HMOs) or hospitals. Some medical providers have create their own busines s with health care extenders who perform many of the services previously provided by the medical provider. As a result, HMOs and hospitals have become employers of medical providers, and medical providers have become employers of their health care extenders (Regan 2002).In the past, the relationship with the patient and extensive documentation in the medical record were the most all important(predicate) elements in preventing malpractice litigation. These efforts, while important, may have less of an effect in the evolving health care climate. With these changes, principles of agency and vicarious liability may become progressively important in evaluating malpractice liability. Both the negligence of a health care employee employed by an individual medical provider and the negligence of an individual medical provider employed by a health care company have given rise to successful malpractice suits. The Doctrine of Respondeat Superior is one to depend carefully by both plaintiffs and defendants in their current practice of law and medicine.ReferencesMalpractice. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2000. http//kids.infoplease.lycos.com/ipd/A0401963.htmlRaines v Mercer, 55 5W2d 263, 264 (Tenn 1932)Regan, J. , & Regan, W. (2002, May). Medical malpractice and respondeat superior. (Review Articles). Southern Medical Journal, 95(5), 545-549. Retrieved January 23, 2013, from treat and Allied Health Collection via Gale http//find.galegroup.com.proxy.davenport.edu/nrcx/start.do?prodId=NRCRespondeat Superior. (2005). In S. Phelps & J. Lehman (Eds.), Wests Encyclopedia of American Law (2nd ed., Vol. 8, pp. 334-336). Detroit Gale. Retrieved from http//go.galegroup.com.proxy.davenport.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3437703788&v=2.1&u=lom_davenportc&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w

Nathaniel Bacon Essay

One historian has remarked that Bacons Rebellion was a mutiny with abundant causes but without a cause. Do you agree? What were the causes of Bacons Rebellion? Did Nathaniel Bacon have a cause? Did William Berkeley?In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon marched into Jamestown, Virginia alongside 600 men ready to fight, demanding a military commission. After weighty William Berkeley, the Governor of Virginia and Nathaniels own cousin, Bacon was given a military commission. In the following months, Bacons men waged brutal war against the Indians, turned their guns on Berkeleys government, forced it to flee Jamestown, and burned the colonys capital to the ground (Hollitz, 19).I do not agree with this historian because some of Bacons causes for rebellion were important enough to the people living in Virginia to want changes. Taxes began to rise on tobacco, salaries of the government officials began to increase, and no servants were selected to the council after 1640. In 1675 colonists ordered Govern or Berkeley to translate with an army after killings by the Indians alongside the Fall Line (The line marking the waterfalls of nearly parallel rivers). In March of 1676 the representatives announced war on all such Indians who shall be discovered to have committed murders and depredation (Hollitz, 23).Trading with Indians was also now illegal which placed even more economic stress on those traders that needed Indian products to survive. Nathaniel Bacon had a cause for the rebellion after one of his supervisors was killed in a Susquehanna attack. Berkeleys main reason for organism against Bacons Rebellion was because he worked out an arrangement in 1644 to avoid conflicts with the Native Americans. In exchange for a large piece of land, he concur to keep settlers from pushing farther into their lands. After Bacons death on October 26, 1676 his rebellion began to decease and everything was eventually restored back to order.

Odysseus Is a Strong Leader

Odysseus is a strong attractor. Odysseus is a strong attraction shown by many characteristics. To prove he is a strong leader I will be using determined, intelligent and loyal characteristics. In the invention Scylla and Charybdis it proves Odysseus is determined. It shows he is determined because exclusively though it was difficult to get with he still had faith that they could make it passed Scylla and Charybdis and get home. Odysseus knew that they would all be dragged down if they got too close to Charybdis.So he sipped around her, al counsels keeping her in view portion outs evidence how determined he was to get passed them while knowing he could be risking not only his life but his men life. role makes him a strong leader because if he wouldve given up he would be a weak leader, and to be a strong leader you perplex to have faith and keep trying. The Sirens shows how Odysseus is an intelligent. This myth proves he is intelligent because he thinks of a plan for himself a nd his men to get passed The Sirens without dying. Odysseus told his men about them and that the only way to pass them safely was for each man to stop his ears with wax shows the plan Odysseus thought about before passing through. Intelligent makes him a strong leader because if he didnt have plans he wouldnt be able to come up with the plan to survive or to get home. In the myth Aiolos and the Bag of Wind proves how Odysseus is loyal to his men. It shows how though his men didnt trust him he still stood with them and wanted to get home.The myth says Aiolos helps by putting all the stormy winds into a basis so they will not harm Odysseus and his men or blow them off course. During the voyage, suspicious and curious sailors open the bag thinking it is treasure clarifies the men did not trust Odysseus. Loyalty makes him a strong leader because people follow him and leaders dont give up on their men when they know they dont trust him. These three myths prove how Odysseus is a Strong l eader throughout his adventures with his men. .

Most Lethal Sniper in American History Essay

Chris Kyle was a natural born killer from the first cartridge clip he was handed a gun. Born in Odessa, Texas, he began hunting with his own rifles and separatrixguns at age eight. subsequently he finished school, he became a professional bronco rider, but his career ended quickly after he injured his arm. After his arm healed he turned to the military for a job, but was turned down because of the pins in his arm. After a few months he received a call and was invited to the training for the Navy lettre de cachetS. He ended up becoming a sniper in SEAL Team 3 and served four tours of duty in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Over the four tours of duty, Kyle racked up 255 claimed kills and 160 confirmed kills. His longest successful shot was 2,100 yards or 1.2 miles, just outside Sadr City in 2008.Chivalric Codes were a huge part of a knights life, was developed to keep knights in check during a time where laws were difficult to come by. They generally consisted of honoring the church, pr otecting and serving the people, the lord of the land and the country, being honorable as a person, perseverance, honoring your enemy, protecting women and children, and to protect your fellow knights.Chris Kyle upheld the Code of Chivalry in many ways but in others he did non. These breaks in the code were not always his fault though, because of the radical change in war from the middle ages to now, and the decisions of whether to protect his countrymen or the values of chivalry.Kyles first kill was an example of a decision between elements of the code. A woman with a grenade was approaching a group of Marines. Kyle was reluctant to shoot a woman, which is generally against the Rules Of Engagement, and most soldiers moral standards. He hesitated before shooting her and saving his troops lives. He said afterward that he was angry at the woman for putting him in that situation. It was the only time he ever killed anyone other than a male enemy.Another way that he strayed from the Co de of Chivalry, was that he claims that all of his actions were done out of necessity, not for glory. He constantly repeats that no true hero ever does anything for glory. He says throughout his book that all of his kills were necessary to protect his fellow soldiers.The last way that Chris Kyle broke the code of chivalry was that most of his kills were unfair fights. His training and weapons gave him a huge advantage over his Iraqi adversaries, who were equipped with low-tech equipment and had no training. He a good deal shot enemies from far away in concealed hiding spots, and sometimes in the back. This was a huge infraction in medieval times, but with the advances in warfare and technology, in order to stay alive on the battlefield today you must kill your enemy as soon as mathematical or he could kill you in an instant.Kyle was not totally against the code of chivalry though, he was a devout Christian, as you would expect as his arrest was a Sunday school teacher. He justif ies his killings by citing that the Commandment is against murder, and killing innocent people not against killing people trying to kill you and your countrymen.Kyle in any case shows exceptional patriotism and service to his country and the President, our equivalent to a knights king. He was awarded two silver stars and five bronze stars with valor, but denies that he ever did anything special to deserve them. He says any soldier would have done the same thing to protect the freedom of America and its people.All in all, Chris Kyle will always be remembered as a hero in the War on Terror, and a modern day testament to the values of chivalry. Although he was not able to uphold all of the values, he did the best he could in the situations he was put in. It is impossible for him to uphold a code as old as that in the changing conditions of war. Many parts are just not feasible to the modern day soldier. With what Kyle was able to accomplish and be able to uphold the standards that he did, Chris Kyle was definitely as chivalrous as he could possibly be.Works CitedKyle, Chris. American Sniper. N.p. HarperCollins, n.d. Print. Seidl, Jonathon M. This Navy SEAL Sniper Is the Deadliest in U.S. story Can You Guess His Longest Shot? The Blaze. N.p., 2 Jan. 2012. Web. 04 Oct. 2012. . Smith, Terry. What Are the Rules of Engagement With Military Use of Force? EHow. N.p., 16 Feb. 2012. Web. 4 Oct. 2012. .

Religion and So-called German Christians Essay

Religion continues to be one of the most influential forces in the world. It has been seen to provide great peace and harmony to intendrs, but it has overly been the cause if non an actual reason for some of historys greatest wars. It can be used as justification from leaders of war, can it also allot as an instrument of resolution as well?Religion has come to be a much stronger force than any material incentives. It is far advance at directing positive behaviour towards social betterment than any laws or physical force. For instance, Ghandi and Martin Luther King Jr conducted non-violent protests based upon religious beliefs. Religion can also be used to help bring people together as they are more willing to work together. By contrast, places that reject religion, such as Revolutionary France, communist Russia and China, or Nazi Germany are often very brutally oppressive. However, it is not always the case. For example, Iran a country where religion is so usual is equally as o ppressive as these countries.Incidentally, religion can be very dangerous because it can and has been used to justify horrific acts. Crusaders not completely killight-emitting diode many Muslims, they also massacred many Jews and Eastern Christians in the process of attempting to win control of the Holy Land. Adolf Hitlers followers among them the so-called German Christians were believers in their Fuhrer. The hunt carried out its torture in the name of God. Religion should never be involved in politics because it can then be used as an instrument of control.However, in places where religion develops freely and people have free access to places of worship, it provides people with a sense of hope, praying serves as therapy and members of a congregation get a sense of community and friendship. Some of the greatest works of art were created in the name of God. Furthermore, Woodrow Wilson suggested that a strong affinity exists between religious allegiance and patriotism. Love of c ountry, just like the love of God certainly inspires good deeds but not always.Furthermore, religion may have led to the presentation of the worlds finest art, but it has also caused its destruction. Religion can be a source of extreme nationalism. In Christianity, Islam and Judaism, God is described as the right way warrior, just king and righteous judge. He apparently punished the unjust, the unrighteous and the disobedient. The idea that a nation is the instrument of Gods will has led to war and the subjugation of people viewed as ungodly. Fundamentalism clouds everything. There is a need to be right and superior, which develops an ego and once we fall foul to it, we are lost.Conversely, scriptural commandments are the basis of Hesperian ethical and legal systems. It has seen to teach us tolerance for people with other beliefs and opinions. Usually believers are more peaceful, law-abiding and unsubtle than the non-believers in the world. Some people need it psychologically an d without it may step to extremism such as suicide or anarchy.However, some live in a delusion and in a constant state of intellectual dishonesty. Some people, who are so far devout in their own beliefs, use them to fudge other beliefs and religious groups into submission. Religions like Islam justify holy wars against the unfaithful, meaning those of other religions. This can also be seen in the violence of the crusades launched by Christians in the gothic period and by later wars between Protestant and Catholic. Religious conviction like the extremist Hindu groups against Christians and Muslims in India has paved the way for the terrorist attacks in bran-new York City on September eleventh 2001. Religious clashes have led to some of the most heinous human behaviour in recorded history.Western states grew as a result of religion and religious philosophy. Western European and North American societies are still based on Protestant ideals of diligence, frugality and moderation. Th e very existence of theocratic state, proves that governments in these states are much more stable than regimes in secular countries because leaders are viewed as appointed by God. Political stability, in turn, leads to economic welfare.Despite this, Theocratic states become totalitarian regimes because they are based upon obedience to a ruler who is seen as Gods representative rather than a democratic constitution. They may be stable but they are not essentially concerned with their peoples welfare. By prioritising religious imperatives over economic development and by their intolerance of the questionable types who drive economic process states like Iran have become corrupt, authoritarian and poor.In conclusion, I believe that religion provides many opportunities and hope for those who have nothing else to turn to, it helps bring unity and sometimes peace into communities. However, I also believe that it has become a perversion of the redemptive message of Jesus, by so-called devo ut humans using their beliefs to ruin and destroy the lives of many others. I myself am agnostic and am very open-minded.

Human Behavior and Biology: Fear and the Amygdala Essay

The definition of psychological science is considered to very limited, as specialists from other palm try to prove. The usual nonion about psychology is that it exists as a channel of understanding and making some measurements in demeanour of domain and other species (Eysenck, 2004). The study of human deportment has been very kindle to many another(prenominal) fields of expertise due to its complexity and difficulty. Fields other than psychology biology, psychiatry, sociology, and many other medical applications atomic number 18 just few of the fields in which discussions regarding the aforementioned topic pack been very well explored.In this regard, the experts combined in their efforts to form to a greater extent credible results in the explanation of the butt of human behavior. Ethically, tenderly, and legally, behavior is an important tool to understand and explain such those subject matters (Carson & Rothstein, 1999). Goldsmith (1991), on his book The Biological Root s of Human nature Forging Links Between Evolution and Behavior, mentions about the huge involvement of biology into studying the fields of the humanists, social scientists, philosophers, and historians that they should in like manner include biological principles in the analysis of human behavior.He emphasizes that there should be two considerations in studying humans social behavior, that is, there should be integration of physiology, biochemistry, and the mechanism of behavior in the social aspect. He stressed about the evolution of human behavior to be dissected in biological terms. Anderson (2006) still improves this claim by saying that a malefactor behavior for example, maybe is be wee of the impaired hormonal secretions of the specific torso organs.Motives and the bodily processes should be taken into consideration to understand the unmarried differences with respect to mortalality and intellectual differentiation (Eysenck, 2004). A more interesting theory was formulat ed by Cesare Lombroso, about the facial types, and the way that a criminal basis be identified. He based most of his explanations in a biological sense in the self akin(prenominal) way that the Germans suspected genetics to be effective in identification of people with criminal tendencies at the top of the Nazis rulership. It was then that several psychological explanations about criminal behavior have been accepted (Anderson, 2006).Plato also mentioned that criminality is the effect of the mind macrocosm imprisoned by an obscurity of thought which he connected fountainhead universe the biological component. It was studied by theorists and researchers in evolutionary biology the patterns regarding the kind of thinking depending on the life stage, whether young or adolescent including parameters such as their problem-solving capacities and their academic competencies. Other cognitive domains were also associated to this behavioral study the spatial abilities, mathematical abilit ies, verbal conversation etc. (Lisi & Lisi, 2001).To be included in this composing are the dissection of the two separate suspected to be working in one direction of behavioral and of biological nature the explanation of worship and its similitude with the corpus amygdaloideum. A Brief background on Fear Fear is the emotion related to the feeling being in a d fretfulnessous state, which are really tangible and realistic. Another definition is given to anxiety, which is often named as fear, because anxiety is the feeling of being in danger but there is no actuality. Watson and Ekman mentioned that fear is no other special feeling. It is just at the same level as joy and anger.Fear is described as a mechanism of survival, which arrives from icon to negative things, or the negative stimulus. Fear is usually connected to the disagreement to feel pain (Coan & Allen, 2007). Personal fear can be classified as caution, phobia and paranoia. Fear is manifested when someone feels anxious , worried, frightened, in terror, paranoid and many other negative feelings. Paranoia is achieved when fear is so much heightened. When someone is spy to be in extreme change in behavior, and his attitude has gone extremely changed, one is said to be paranoid.Caution on the other give-up the ghost is an interpersonal hold that makes a person feel that he could not trust anyone who is a strange to him. The person feels very different in the presence of the person whom he distrusts and unless calms down when that person has gone distance away from his comfortable zone. Terror is a very pronounced classification of fear, which arises from a horrific experience. The person in a state of terror feels always in the vicinity of an immediate danger. The non-typical behavior of the person arises, making him irrational at some point. The unconscious feeling of fear can be extended nightmares.There are other effects on the person whenever he fears something. Physiologically, the sympathet ic and the parasympathetic. The person may be observed to, or feel in himself being hindered from physical movement. Perspiration may also occur as the blood in the system is being forced from the viscera to other peripheral parts of the body. This blood at the periphery carries oxygen, nutrients and heat, which causes the body to feel warm or hot, therefore the bodys mechanism is to perspire, to release the excess heat to cool down the body. Along with this, the body will experience fast heart rate. PhobiaA very interesting topic which deals with the concept of fear is called phobia. Phobia is fear of something. It may be because of a very unwanted experience towards that something that someone fears, or just a transferred rumor that something negative might happen when that object is encountered. Different types of phobia exist depending on the object of fear. In the context of sheer conditioning, phobias come from a mixture of internal dis slips and external factors (Lewis & Ha viland-Jones, 2000). The experimentations of Seligman resulted to his conclusion of objects being feared are genetically predispositioned.He also mentions that for many cases, traumatic experience triggers phobia. Biology, unneurotic with life experiences, can be well explained A mal raceing amygdale can cause psychological disorders. Patients are not able to classify neutral faces, identifying them as threat. Hyperactivity in the amygdala was observed by researchers when patients are shown frightening situations. Other patients with severe cases of phobia showed a corresponding increase in the amygdale activity. The left amygdala manifested hyperactivity when excitation like fear happened. The book Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals emerged in the 19th century.Charles Darwin emphasized here that the evolution of species has a counterpart thwartwise culturally and universally. A research conducted by Paul Ekman involved facial expression experiment. Using neuroimaging diff erences in their evolutionary ancient brain parts were observed for changes, with corresponding changes in potential which was an increase (Doux, 2004). Theories about Emotion and Behavior The Somatic Behaviors William James started the study of emotions and largely argued about that frantic experience is primarily an effect of changes in the body (James, 2007). James, unitedly with Carl Lange created James-Lange theory.This theory has a biological perspective of viewing the change in emotion as being attach to next by bodily changes. They emphasize that the change in the state of the body is manifested through the change in emotion. The bodily reactions are considered to be the cause for the change in emotion as felt by a person (Barrett, Niedenthal, & Winkielman, 2005). This theory simply says that we tend to react first in a situation, for example is running because of an event that could make us run, then the emotional manifestation is then felt or executed. In short, we reac t first sooner we get to feel the emotion.Another somatic theory where James-Lane also falls is the Perceptual theory which is known to be a neo-Jamesian theory. The Cognitive Behaviors with Biological situation On the other hand, the Cannon-Bard theory nullifies the claims of James-Lange theory and still believes on the previous pattern. This is a cognitive theory that contradicts a somatic theory of emotions. The Two element theory, also known as the Singer Schachter theory rests on the hypothesis that respondents can have different emotional reactions as affected by adrenaline, considering that they have the same initial physiological state.The respondents were monitored for the emotion they are going to feel, whether happiness or anger, when a person on the same situation felt anger or happiness. The determination of the responses was based on the cognitive aspect or when the situation undergoes appraisal, or the physiological or biological aspect as adrenaline was injected to them. In connection to this, Klaus Scherer made a modern cognitive theory that stresses the connection on different bodily functions in combination to the cognitive components. The amygdaloid nucleus hornyity was discovered because of the bi subsequental ablation of the temporal lobe responses in the brain (Weiner, 2003). The part of the brain that is responsible for the feeling of fear is the amygdala. It is a tonsil wrought group of neurons situated at the inside portion of the temporal lobe of humans, including other species under the phylum vertebrata. The emotional reaction is being executed by this part of the brain which is also responsible for emotional stimulation (Kadish, 1994 Lewis & Haviland-Jones, 2000 Phelps, OConnor, Gatenby, Gore, & Davis, 2001).In the process of fear conditioning, a part of the amygdala, the basolateral complexes help in the mediation of stimuli to the memory. These are brought to the synapses and later on passed to the central nucleus of the nerve, which is involved in the generation of many fear responses that includes immobilization of the body, increased respiration, and release of stress hormones. The type of conditioning called the Pavlovian conditioning may be caused by the damage in this part of the brain.The functions of the amygdala were looked at to account for the emotional and motivational properties it dictates in the brain. The amygdala is a small structure at the cortex which lies deep within the brains temporal lobe. Even small, it possesses a complicated neuroanatomy. It receives a large bill of neural inputs to the many parts of the brain, both the minor and major parts of the cortex. The heterogeneity of the structure of amygdala is due to the evolutionary reason that it comes from different parts of the brain which separated from a common point.The heterogeneous description is due to the differences in the structures of the neurons as already explained in the previous statement. There were so many description proposed to amygdale regarding its function, and it was by (Johnson, 1923) that the introduction of the description of the amygdale commonly used today. The nuclei of the amygdala should be described as divided into two groups, the primitive group and the recent group (Moore & Oaksford, 2002). A third part was suggested to be occupying the ventricular floor of the cortex (Alheid & Heimer, 1988).The amygdala is said to be well placed in that position because it is able to gather signals from almost every part of the brain, integrates them all, and is responsible for the processing to arrive at what kind of emotion shall be executed by humans and other species. Research in emotions has been exploiting the amygdala in experimentations. The different types of emotions, fear as example, have different mechanisms in the brain but actually goes to the same pathway which is trying to escape, or of which implies behavioral inhibition (Lewis & Haviland-Jones, 2000).The impulses se nt by the amygdala can have two general effects first is the inflection of the memorys retention time for long term responses second is the influence on attention and perception. The retention of the episodic events is crucial in the emotional response so that the event is not forgotten. In this way we are more likely to be aware of the emotional events compared to the neutral events. Experiments dealing with the go of fear responses were done to account for the effect of amygdala. Respondents were instructed to use an active emotion regulation strategy to lower conditioned fear responses.It was form out that doing this lowers the physiological expression of the CR and CS activation of the amygdala. It was deduced from the experiment that cognitive strategies and control mechanisms during fear conditioning and by just viewing negative scenes can dismantle or alter the responses of the amygdala. The studies presented regarding the instructed fear implies that conditioned fear is not necessarily affected by the awareness in cognition and understanding of the emotional properties. It was also order out that there are many things that can affect the amygdala aside from these two.Dependent responses such as the aversive properties, symbolic communication can also affect the function of the amygdala. Cognitive control mechanisms can be tapped also in the execution of different emotion regulation strategies which can diminish the amygdala responses to strong emotions such as fear. Another study conducted by Phillips and Le Doux (1992) was concerned not just with the component part of amygdala on the procurement of the conditioned fear responses using a cue, but with the participation of another part of the brain which is the hippocampus.It was found out that for rats, under the unoperated conditions, faster responses were more susceptible to extinction than those with the responses from conditional stimuli. Lesion experiment on rats amygdala reflected an interf erence on the conditioning of the fear responses to both the cues and the context. On the other hand, hippocampus lesions only affected with the conditioning of the responses, but was found out to be irresponsible for the cues (Phillips & Doux, 1992).An almost similar experiment was carried out by McKittrick and his colleagues (1996) and Blachard together with this co-researchers (1998) using remodeling of the dendrites and it was found out that this kind of treatment which involves different stress applications to the hippocampus, specifically repeated restraint stress affects the hippocampus the same way with the previous experiment. It was mentioned that amygdala behaved the same (Gazzaniga & Bizzi, 2004). Moore (2002) mentioned a study in his Emotional Cognition From Brain to Behaviour, which puts a borderline between the functionality of the hippocampus and amygdala.Le Douxs theory is often discussed in debates due to its relevance in explaining whether cognitive processes alwa ys precede an emotional experience. He said in Moores writing that the activation of amygdala by impulses from the neocortex is somewhat consistent with the notion that emotional processing is post cognitive. The hypothesis that emotional processing can be preconscious and precognitive is consistent with the experiment dealing with the thalamic inputs as the amygdale is activated. The two hemispheres of the brain are somewhat different in function with respect to its emotional role.The emotional stimuli perceived by the brain, together with its processing of emotional expressions are usually processed by the right hemisphere. They were able to prove this as they sent signals only to the right hemisphere of the brain, and it was found out that it produced faster heart rates compared to that of the impulses produced by just showing signals to the left hemisphere (Alheid & Heimer, 1988 Cheng, Knight, Smith, Stein, & Helmstetter, 2003 Davidson, 1998). This was also confirmed this hypoth esis to those patients suffering from split-brain disorder.The corpus callosum, being the bridge between the two hemispheres, is severed during the operation for those who suffer from epileptic disorders. As a result of this experiment, they were able to know that the two hemispheres function independently of each other. Accurate identification or merely detection of the emotional stimuli happens only when the signal flows to the right side of the cortex. It is pointed out that whatever the hemisphere to function depends on the type of emotion that is felt during that time.The left frontal cortex is more likely to function for pleasant emotions. The right lobe on the other hand functions in the presence of unpleasant emotions. There are people whose only one side of the brain dominates, as proven by Tomarke et al. (1992). People who are dominant in left brain functions are more likely to show positive responses to stimuli, comparing to the other part which remains opposite or negat ive in reaction. It was further explained by the movement of the muscles of the face which kind of response occurred at the moment of stimulation.It was explained that a left facial muscle concretion is due to a positive response, whereas the right facial muscle reaction is due to a negative response. Bilateral neurotoxic amygdala lesions in rhesus monkey monkeys (Macaca mulatta) Consistent pattern of behavior across different social contexts an Example Case corpus amygdaloideum has always been associated with the behavior of humans, more generally on the primates. Their social behaviors have always been connected to the cases brought about by lesions caused to the amygdala, wherein their behaviors are subjected to studies.The rhesus monkeys were the non-human primates that are of large importance to the study, since somehow these monkeys represent humans in a more dramatic way than other primates might have. The environments were different for each and every sample monkey, and th eir physiological characteristics were also different, one is a lesioned or lacerated monkeys and the other monkeys were just normal or unoperated monkeys. In 32 days they were subjected to a 4-monkey group interaction. They were first assessed in pairs (N. J. Emery et al., 2001), and were already commonplace or familiar with each others presence to avoid intimidation and possible aggression and depression. As observed, the operated or lesioned monkeys manifested a common or consistent behavior. Obstruction in the amygdala was suspected to be the reason. The operated monkeys were seen to be more sociable they had better affiliation with other monkeys than with that of the non-operated monkeys. The operated monkeys showed a faster variation with their new partners, because of the immediate decrease in their nervous and fearful behavior relative to the controls.Other possible behaviors such as sexual behavior were not observed among the samples, both the operated and the unoperated, making the authors conclude of that the amygdala may inhibit this the sexual drive of the monkeys, and that there are still other factors that must be considered in looking at other behavioral patterns. References Alheid, G. F. , & Heimer, L. (1988). New perspectives in basal forebrain organization of special relevance for neuropsychiatric disorders The striatopallidal, amygdaloid, and corticopetal components of substantia innominata. Neuroscience, 27, 1-39.Anderson, G. S. (2006). Biological Influences on Criminal Behavior. FL CRC Press. Barrett, L. F. , Niedenthal, P. M. , & Winkielman, P. (2005). Emotion and Consciousness Insights from studies of the Human Amygdala. CA Guilford Press. Carson, R. A. , & Rothstein, M. A. (1999). Behavioral Genetics The Clash of Culture and Biology John Hopkins University Press. Cheng, D. T. , Knight, D. C. , Smith, C. N. , Stein, E. A. , & Helmstetter, F. J. (2003). Functional MRI of Human Amygdala Activity During Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Stimul us Processing Versus Response Expression.Behavioral Neuroscience, 117(1), 3-10. Coan, J. A. , & Allen, J. J. B. (2007). Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessment. CA Oxford University Press. Davidson, R. J. (1998). Neuropsychological perspectives on affectional and anxiety disorders A. VT Psychology Press. Doux, J. L. (2004). The Emotional Brain, Fear, and the Amygdala. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 23(4), 727-738. Eysenck, M. W. (2004). Psychology An International Perspective. VT Psychology/Textbooks. Gazzaniga, M. S. , & Bizzi, E. (2004). The Cognitive Neurosciences. MA MIT Press.James, W. (2007). The Principles of Psychology. New York Cosimo, Inc. Johnson, J. B. (1923). Further contributions to the study of the evolution of the forebrain. daybook of Comparative Neurology, 25(337-481). Kadish, M. R. (1994). The Ophelia Paradox An Inquiry Into the Conduct of Our Lives NJ Transaction Publishers. Lewis, M. , & Haviland-Jones, J. M. (2000). Handbook of Emotions. CA Guilf ord Press. Lisi, A. M. -D. , & Lisi, R. D. (2001). Biology, Society, and Behavior The Development of Sex Differences in Cognition. CT Greenwood Publishing Group. Moore, S.C. , & Oaksford, M. (2002). Emotional Cognition From Brain to Behaviour. PA John Benjamins Publishing Company. Phelps, E. A. , OConnor, K. J. , Gatenby, J. C., Gore, J. C. , & Davis, C. G. (2001). Activation of the left amygdala to a cognitive representation of fear. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 437-441. Phillips, R. G. , & Doux, J. E. L. (1992). Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning. Behavioral Neuroscience, 106(2), 274-285. Weiner, I. B. e. a. (2003). Handbook of Psychology. NJ John Wiley and Sons.

Networking in professional life Essay

meshinging in professional lifeIntroduction In computing terms, a network is a governance of incorporated computers that share a characteristic of being autonomous and have the mogul to share information finished the inter fellowship peripherals. Moreover, it is a system of connected computer hardware that are linked by chat channels and protocols that provide a rapid method of sharing information (Tanenbaum, 2011). On the other hand, earnings Interface controller (NIC) is a computer system that creates computer connections to a particular network. It is also cognize as Network Interface Card or network adapter. On the same perspective, a bandwidth refers to the ability of a computer network to send and receive information (data) and is expressed in bits per second (bps).Network Media Types In broad spectrum, network media refer to the actual path through and through which an electronic signal in a system of a computer or computers travels as it moves from one component in th e system to another. There are some(prenominal) types of Network media such as twisted pair cables, coaxial cable, fictitious character optic cable as well as wireless media (Ciccarelli, & Faulkner, 2006).A situation of network connection problem As I mostly use network connection in most of my cybernation endeavors, it comes a time when network connection becomes a major problem. For instance, this problems include difficulties in connection to bag networks, problems in accessing information from other interconnected networks as well as disinclined network connectivity among many another(prenominal) other problems (Chen-guang, 2008). However, through the application of my computer skills, I norm eithery manage to deal with such problems through the employment of troubleshooting mechanisms. However the most common problem that had severe impacts on my working is the issue of slow network connection but at the end, I was able to solve it by following several steps as follows I f irst identified the active applications, the available users as well as the available conversations to consider where the congestion came from. This was followed by the generation of a purpose built report to determine the applications in use, in order to determine the amount of bandwidth they were consuming. Finally, I was able to set a rig for the applications that were not significant in my place of operation. This eliminated the problem of slow network connection and after all my operations worked to perfection.How will networking Influence my professional life In my future career, networking will be of capital importance, as I will use all the learned skills to ensure that information flow is efficacious by ensuring the use of the best network type considering speed, reliability, efficiency and cost too. It will be my electron orbit of strength.ReferencesTanenbaum, A. S. (2011). Computer networks. Boston Pearson Education.Ciccarelli, P., & Faulkner, C. (2006). Networking F oundations Technology Fundamentals for IT Success. Hoboken John Wiley & Sons.Chen-guang, L. I. (2008). Implementation of netwok management model based on Linux System J. Railway Computer Application, 6, 012.Source document

Domestic Violence In Sports Essay

Throughout history, sports players have been in the existence eye. Theyre much thought of as the heroic varietys to those who desire a c beer in the partnership or even the die hard fans who be dedicated. When thinking of the stereotypical traits of a heroic figure as someone whos trust worthy, honesty and viewed to be an untouchable individual. But as we all feel not every story is what some may call picture perfect. People move over to realize that their champion winning sports players we cheer on during game days are just want everyone in the world. The question being how can we establish a connection with ones that real side may barely be shown? In recent weeks, sports media has been booming with tabloids about home(prenominal) violence looks of well-known players in their leagues. As we the public become intrigued to see these players fall from their immortal status from committing such a abuse thought to be impossible for them. As fans typically only take a glance of their lives on the field I come to wonder if its more of a shock to them or a reality of everyones ability to be held equally. Would the standards be different if your position in society didnt discipline as much as the crime that has been committed should?An clause published online in regular army Today last week, states that even with the multiple controversies going on in the NFL and the nation, is taking much requisite action towards players involved in the domesticated violence convictions such as. Actions are also being interpreted in teams akin the Baltimore Ravens running back Ray Rice, was charged with a domestic violence case with an assault his then-fiance Janay Rice, who was left unconscious for in an elevator. Rice is known to have a rinse record, after authorities released the video of Rice and his then fiance knocked out the agreement between the NFL and the Ravens to remnant Rices contract following up with an indefinite suspension. This decision was reported by researchers- Erik Brady and Jim Corbett both journalist for USA Today. In addition to the NFL furthers taking action an article by researcher provide Brinson a Senior NFL Writer, writes weekly articles and directs videos for CBS Sports.com. Brinson quotes statement from a memo from Commissioner Roger Goodell to the 32 NFL owners The NFL is hiring four women advisors in regulate the leagues stance on domestic violence, The league is attempting to change the outlook of how it handles domesticviolence with the hopes of being looked at for an earnest effort towards change.Goodell wrote, Because domestic violence and sexual assault are broad societal issues, we have engaged leading experts to provide specialized advice and guidance in ensuring that the NFLs programs reflect the most current and effective approaches. In addition to Goodells memo, he also verbalise a plan for the four women such as Lisa Friel, the former Sex Crime Prosecution building block in New York County Distr ict Attorneys Office to be one of the women to peruse the NFLs efforts. Domestic violence is the behavior used by one person in a descent to control the other. This violence takes place in many forms and can happen all the time or once in a while. Although both men and women are susceptible to abuse, the most common cases are known to be found dealing with women who have been in some form neglected or abused. In studies cases of domestic violence have been on the rise, meaning more cases of not just celebrities just now people all around the nation. As the talk rises of domestic violence cases pertaining to sports people see this as tragedy and a new cause to crime that has been happening for decades. Its taken little condolence on the actual victim but more on the player who is at fault. In the SBNation article written by Stephen Poseour Blake, stating that most fans are leaning towards defending team players rather than raising sentience for those who have been emotionally and physically impacted by the crime done.When do we ask ourselves, is supporting something worth it? With a personal belief that we should live by the rules of treating everyone with fairness and honesty as fans indicate sports players to be. In conclusion, I think that athletes are treated to an alternate standard compared to everyone because more is invested into their successful than their downfall. More cases of domestic violence are becoming better known to the public especially in sports mostly pertaining to players in the NFL league. My feelings towards this topic are that even with fame of being known for a talent is a very antiquated accomplishment thats few get to achieve. People still need to realize that no matter how famous a person becomes their still accountable for their actions. Personally I think that more should be done to the person accused of the crime just as equally for someone who isnt on the fame radar. Punishment shouldnt have a limit just because this perso n is well- known. Along with fans treating the victims more like the criminals instead of the players. When in realitybeing a die hard fan doesnt ever so mean supporting whats wrong.

Islam is the second religion of the book Essay

Incidentally, the end point People of the Book comes from the Quran which cites both Judaism and Christianity, religions which came before Islam, as having part of its origins in the prophet of Abraham. In this, we green goddess see a respect for the other religions a respect which is lost on the perception of a vocal minority of Muslims and as a result, a perception that Muslims hate all other religions. This is off and dangerous assumption for both sides.Belief in Islam requires that a convert hope in that angio cristalsin converting enzyme divinity fudge, the revelations which he has flipn to his mess from his apotheosiss, his messengers and chiefly, the prophet Mohammad whose writings from 610AD until his death in 632 AD helped to drop a line the hallowed book of Quran. It is a central belief and oneness that is seen as the around important That in that location is no beau ideal but Allah and Mohammad is his prophet. This is required of all those wishing to consi der themselves Muslims and followers of Mohammad and his teachings. There argon an estimated 1.6 billion Muslims with an annual growth rate which exceeds all other religions in the world. Muslims be propagate all over the world but argon highly concentrated in the nub East. Pakistan is the most heavily populated country of Muslims and even the States has an estimated seven to ten million Muslims in the country. Muslims believe that the Koran is the literal word of God and was made such by a visitation of the angel Gabriel to the prophet Mohammad. Angels be described in the Koran as messengers with wings. Two or three of quaternary pairs. He adds to Creation as He pleases. This is a central belief as salubrious as the fact that Mohammad, despite his greatness in the religion of Islam, is non considered a deity of each kind. uncomplete is Jesus who, despite being highly regarded in the official teachings of the ratiocination fourteen centuries, is considered to be single a man and a prophet of Gods, although his greatness is not to exceed that of the prophet Mohammad. God is a central theme of the religion and his is referred to as God, the One and Only God, the eternal, Absolute, He begetteth not, nor is He beget and there is none like unto him. It is also a central theme of Islam the Day of Judgment. Similar to the Christian belief in predestination, many Muslims believe that commonwealth atomic number 18 predestined as to whether they allow for write in code heaven or enter hell on the Day of Judgment. That is not to say that an individual does not puddle the freedom to choose, rather that God, from the beginning of time, knows the destination of every person who ever existed, or who will ever exist. In this fervor, the message of a complete submission to God is central as well as to the belief in Islam.Disbelief and a failure to submit to the will of God are one of the main offenses which, according to the Koran, will result in a person, on t he Day of Judgment, loss to hell. The latter is one of the main appeals that individuals have for Islam as in many countries with a high commonwealth of Muslims, the livelihood conditions are less than substandard and people live a very tough existence. Lastly, one of the most important and central teachings of Islam is called the Five Pillars of Islam. There are louvre major aspects of Islam which individuals are powerfully encouraged to observe.The low gear is belief in Mohammad as the prophet of God and that the words of the prophet which are located in the Koran are the literal word of God. The second is praying in the direction of Mecca, five times a day. The third is the giving of alms or charity to the poor and needy. The fourth is fasting during the month of Ramadan in which one must not eat or drink from dusk to dawn. The last is called the haj or a pilgrimage during the fourth Islamic month to Mecca at to the lowest degree once in their lifetime. The latter will c ompel millions of Muslims, any(prenominal)times two and three million Muslims at a time, to go to Mecca at the corresponding time in order to fulfill their last duty, or pillar of Islam. When communicate Mr. Aziz most the importance of the religion of Islam at bottom his own life, he gave a very passionate and intercommunicate response. In America, there is a great deal of misconception to the highest degree the religion of Islam and as a Muslim it is my responsibility to live in a way that would help to dispel those myths.Although not in the same light, nor with the same amount of spotlight, it is similar to the experience that the American boxer, Joe Louis had while he was the Boxing heavyweight thaumaturge of the world. His manager was careful not to have Joe Louis portrayed in a way that would add to the misconceived stereotypes about African Americans at that time since the last African America boxer, Jack Johnson, had done the opposite and was shunned by America. When asked if he has found this to help within his own life the conception of others about him, his ethnicity and his religion, Mr.Aziz had a multiform response. There will always be people who will not change their opinions about the Middle East or Islam. I cant really help that. However, for three high majorities of people who make the effort to know me, they have sometimes come out and said that they were wrong about Muslims, or at least about me. There is still a hint of racism within such sentiments. However, it is progress. Mr. Aziz then talked to me about his religion. In Islam, there are five pillars which every Muslim is anticipate to respect and obey these pillars.In no specific order, these five pillars are to travel to Mecca at least once in your life, to give to charity, to pray five times in the day while go about in the direction of Mecca, to fast during the Holy Months and to believe that there are no gods but Allah and that Mohammad is his messenger. The last is the most important and is what helps to connect the more than 1. 6 billions Muslims in more than a hundred countries in the world, each one to the other. It is very important to all Muslims.I have not yet gone(a) to Mecca but I hope to by the end of the decade. I have not always been devoted in the completion of the other four on a daily basis as most people of faith experience a lapse in their faith and devotion. That has happened before. However, I am lively to connect the dots and to separate myself from whatever vehicle is serving as an impediment to my faith. Fasting is also important. During the Holy month of Ramadan, there is to be no eating during sunlight. This is one of the most difficult of the five pillars.The originator to fast is that it will help to bring the believer closer to God through the realization that God is the supplier of everything and that nothing can be done apart from him. We eat his food and breathe his air. We engross his sunlight and are stewards of his world. In proportion with God, man is so small and weak. Sometimes people deflect that. Fasting helps to remind them. Mr. Aziz also prays five times a day as well as gives to charity. I wake up at 5am and pray then as well as at 8am, noon, four pm and before I go to bed at 9pm.Since I was extractd to do this and to adhere to the five pillars, this has become a habit of mine and is not really difficult. I echo as a child, I rebelled a great deal towards this especially since I wanted to nonplus in bed. It was not until two consecutive years, did I feel its difficulty ease and I began to bonk it. It is also important to give to charity. This does not solely mean money. There are many people in the world who are very poor and do not have the money to give. To give to charity, or to give alms, means also to be helpful to ones neighbor.Whether it is shoveling the snow from an elder neighbors driveway or simply right informing a person at the grocery store that they dropp ed their purse these all are examples of charity. Mr. Aziz also speaks to the importance that his religion has towards his community. Even though here in America, there is an estimated three to seven million Muslims, there are very few where I live and no places of worship. One of the reasons for the latter I believe is caused by the beliefs that the people in the surrounding towns have about Muslims and that we are all terrorists.Therefore, there have been many attempts, to diffuse any building plans for a mosque. How do you feel about that? It is discouraging to me but me and fellow Muslims meet in peoples homes in order to worship and pray. It is similar to the 1st century Christians who were barred from worshiping by the Roman authorities or the Jews who during WWII were not allowed to worship either. We are not under the same aim of persecution but as these other two groups. However, it still requires some planning. It is my family and friends which help to lay a stem of f aith within my life.There are few Muslims in the surrounding areas. Therefore, the friends that I do have and which confide Islam as well as my family, for more than one reason, provide a structure and radical for me. This is very important. America does not have the same problem with their Muslim population in comparison to the troubles in Europe because we have assimilated. This is important to a degree. We do not want to become altogether Americanized but in the process, love American sports and the traditions that come with this country. So we are then relegated to worship close in private. It is one of the prices to pay for being a Muslim in America. However, since the majority of American Muslims are doing well in America and enjoy this land, we are content to pay some of that price. We are Muslims first however and Americans second. Just as Christians have as a major aspect of their identity in which it cannot be separated from who they are, the same can be said about Mu slims. The societal restrictions towards Muslims in America have eased up. However, as a Muslim in America, I still feel as though I am a foreigner in a country that I immigrated to lawfully over twenty years ago.America has still given me more opportunities than my homeland. I just sapidity forward to the day when I can be truly being considered an America. If I do not live to see that day, I will be sad but I will delay happy that I have had such a rewarding and blessed life while living in America. Mr. Aziz still continues to work and to support his family. When asked about the faith of his two daughters, Mr. Aziz comments They are eight and ten years old so they are young, but not too young to understand some of the world around them. I hope that I can keep them from experiencing instances of racism or prejudice.I do not however, that the worst that they receive in America, is still better than what they could have hoped for in Pakistan. That is wherefore I am hesitant to complain too loudly. I am still able to raise my children, along with my wife, in the ways that we choose. This is a great freedom that America has its religious freedom. I latterly watched a documentary on Thomas Jefferson and learned that he was instrumental in creating a rump of religious freedom that is present in America. This happened more than two hundred years ago.Yet, I am a recipient of such actions even today. It is very amazing to me and I am very appreciative. I am proud to be an American. However, I am also proud to be a Muslim. It seems that in the past few years, especially since 9/11, such sentiments have been seen as an oxymoron. I believe that they are one in the same as America promises religious freedom to all who will practice their religion of choice without breaking the law. This is the great gift that Americas forefathers and all who help to affect such efforts, to contemporary Americans and all who will follow.It is the effort of every Muslim, not to be swayed by the temporary morals of a society but to hold firm to the faith and teachings of Islam. This is what I am attempting to do. I have not always been successful and have fallen away from my faith from time to time. It is important, just like with anything in life, that once somebody has fallen short of their personal expectations, to get right cover up and to try again. Religious faith is an ongoing process and does not stop while one is alive. This is my hope and prayer for me and all others who feel that the law can only go so farthermost and that a personal relationship with God is paramount in a persons life. works CITED Armstrong, Karen Islam A Short History New York Random History 2006 Burns, Ken Thomas Jefferson New York Steeplechase & phosphate buffer solution Films 1997 Miller, James Religions of the World. New York WW Norton 1987 The Holy Quran (2002) New York Oxford University Press An Interview with Mr. Aziz. Recorded with his permission on November 1, 2007 and transcribed on November 4, 2007.

Allan Pinkerton-The Detective

Allan Pinkerton was a known US detective that was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1819. He is really best-selling(predicate) in his time because he is the founder of the well known and first detective agency in the get together States, the Pinkerton Agency. At the early age, his father who is a natural law sergeant died in a battle go away the Pinkerton family in great poverty. As Allan grows up, he found a work as a pig or barrel-maker and then joining in Chartism, a group of people who believes in political and cordial reforms.The Pinkerton was always associated with security and protection. He had spent his life in galore(postnominal) security concerns like clubby investigations, and psycheal security. Pinkerton career as a detective started when he emigrate from Scotland to America. The reason why he wanted to go to America is because he wants to escapes imprisonment. And in 1842, he established a copper reservation shop in Chicago, Illinois. Pinkerton was known to be a savior of slave or he make the anti slavery movements.He usually uses his shop as an escape route of slave in the express state. In 1849, Pinkerton became the first ever detective in Chicago and in 1950, together with Edward Rucker they build the North-Western police Agency. The said agency was renamed as Pinkerton National Detective Agency. As mentioned in the earlier part of the essay, Pinkerton was very hot in terms of security and surveillance matters. In fact, the systems that he uses in his career as a detective is still being used today in many investigations.Some of the techniques of Pinkerton in many investigation processes are the shadowing and undercover. The former also known as surveillance of a comic which means that the suspect is being monitored in his or her every moves every time trance the latter is also known as assuming a role which means that a person is assuming or doing a role in such a way that the suspect lead act normal when an investigation is bein g done. Undercover operations nowadays are very popular in drug cases incidents.Example of this is when a policeman is under covering his true identity as a policeman and portraying as a buyer of a certain prohibited drug and when the suspect had transaction with the undercover policeman, then this is a very useful evidence for the investigation. The leadership of Pinkerton as a US detective had produced many successful investigations and lessening the crime rate in his time. He was fitting to stop many assassination attempts especially on the known government officials. He was competent to visualise a planed and smooth assassination on Abraham Lincoln and was able to hamper the said attempt.As many writers accounted him as a man of great power of observation and courage (Library, 2007). There were several writings that concentre the life, career and courage of Pinkerton as a US detective. In 1990, a movie entitled The locomote and The Jackal that was based on the life of Pink erton was made. The movie was done in the Civil War time and its all about love, drama and spies. From the movie, an assassination attempt was done to the president of the country who is travelling utilise a train. In the middle of the commute, the train allow for pass to a wooden bridge.The plan of the assassination is to plant a bomb at the bottom of the wooden bridge and all the sametually an accident will cause the death of the president (Kelly, 2008). Pinkerton was able to intercept the assassination attempt of the Confederate by fish fillet the derailing of the train where the president is and killing the two suspects and warned the president, who is Lincoln that there is a plan to kill him. He was able to stop the attempt. This links to the true bosh on the attempt to assassinate Lincoln which was able to intercept by Pinkerton (Karesony, 2006).After this event, Pinkerton was appointed as by Lincoln as the head of the US closed book Service. The said agency is responsib le of intercepting many espionage acts during the Civil War. This prevents the War Between the States of America (Kelly, 2008). The main story of the movie is about Pinkerton who was assigned to be a spy against the Confederate. As a privy(p) means of the country, Pinkerton was able to establish a persona in which the said secret agent had successfully depicted a simple man in a society so that the Confederate will non suspect him as a spy.This method can also be seen on the England-secret agent pack Bond who does many espionage act to infiltrate or gather some important information from their enemy. Pinkerton uses this method in order for him to know the plans of the Confederate and that he can able to maneuver any attainable action that will lead to the fall of his superior who is the president (Karesony, 2006). In the movie, Pinkerton met a beautiful lady who is also a spy but in the Confederate side and Pinkerton eventually fall in love to her.The story turns on the two m ain characters, Pinkerton and Rose. Pinkerton faces to challenge, to play the role as a secret agent for Lincoln and his love affair to Rose. Rose eventually attacks the weakness of Pinkerton to be a tool in executing her plan to infiltrate the government of Lincoln (Karesony, 2006). Though this is one of the most popular investigations that were done by Pinkerton in his life, there are also some small profile cases that he was able to knead. Many money and properties from robbery acts were recovered and thieves were successfully traced.Some of the successful robbery cases the robbery of the Carbondale, pop Bank of $40,000, and that of The Adams Express Company of $700,000, on 6 January, 1866, from a train on The refreshful York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad, and the taking of $300,000 from an express-car on the Hudson River railroad. He also broke up gangs of thieves at Seymour, Indiana, and the Mollie Maguires in Pennsylvania. Due to his eagerness and courage, Pinkerton wa s able to shape the security and investigation process in his time even though high technology gadgets were not available in his time.Even today, the techniques of Pinkerton are being used to solve many cases and help in the success of investigations like police investigations. The Central Intelligence Agency and the federal official Bureau of Investigation of United States owe many investigation processes that were originated by Pinkerton. He was able to shit a tool that can be utilized in solving unsolved crimes and eventually preventing the advertise occurrence of transgression and organized crimes. ReferencesKaresony. (2006). The Rose and the Jackal Electronic Version. Retrieved February 11, 2008, from http//www. imdb. com/title/tt0098831/ Kelly, M. (2008). A Brief History of the Pinkertons Electronic Version. Retrieved February 11, 2008, from http//americanhistory. about. com/od/19thcentur1/a/allan_pinkerton. htm Library, C. (2007). Roots of a Detective Electronic Version. Re trieved February 11, 2008, from http//www. crimelibrary. com/gangsters2/pinkerton/

A Different History by Sujata Bhatt †Analysis Essay

Explore the ideas in the poem A Different History by Sujata Bhatt. Sujata Bhatt reflects and explores on the ideas of refinement, values, human struggle, religion combined with its beliefs and acquisition of unusual or crazy spoken communication. Bhatt invites the readers and takes them through the glossiness of India and its religious beliefs that every life reckon them there. There is enough vocabulary to understand this in the poem. She besides chatteres her bitterness and strong emotions towards the struggle and torture borne by the pot here in the past.She wonders and ponders on the issues of barbarism and dustup She shows her astonishment and expresses her inability to understand how slew here learn to chicane the strange address that put to suffer the torture and struggle for identity. The poem does non have a traditional social structure in terms of stanzas or the rhyme scheme in it. The complex ideas of religion, beliefs, values, close and loving foreign l anguage might be the reasons for composing it with no rhyme and irregular parts. The first 18 lines triumph in religious and reverential tone but the poet immediately shifts to bitterness and wonder.See much strategical Management Process EssayThe first part begins with an introduction to the Nature god, Great Pan, who assumed to be dead to rest of the world. But Bhatt reminds the world that India welcomed this immigrant. The phrase,Great Pan is not dead, conveys the world that the culture of worshipping Nature gets home in India. The word emigrated shows us that this emigrant is neither dead nor has intensions to return to his country. Thus, she makes a point that the culture in India is unique with A Different History a history which respects and worships the Nature and the environment around without somebody gives any awareness.Introducing the word India, she touches the living values and culture in this country. She tries to conjure the readers into understanding how the pot here believe in snakes and monkeys as gods. She explores on the values and beliefs of the people here. The word sacred all(a)ows the readers understand the inherited values and beliefs here about worshipping trees. She brings out the range of togetherness in animals and trees. The simile disguised as snakes and monkeys provides us the clue to the belief of sacredness.Bhatt explains the fact that sin doesnt need to be a dependable wrong act in this culture but a small act can be sin. Bhatt uses three verbs that denote rudeness in fashion towards phonograph records. She uses shove , slam, and toss to explain how the culture Here values knowledge. Though treating a book rudely is not an act of disrespect but an act of sin here a serious connotation. Bhatt uses the word sin three eras to mean more than a wrong act in life. This throws light on the culture of India and values observed here.Bhatt gives a hint of religious beliefs in her though not really enthusiastically to prevent the idea of negativity in her ideas. She introduces Sarasvati to the readers of English as a goddess of Arts knowledge, painting and music. She conveys that the people( soul) enjoy endless freedom here but they are jump to observe the beliefs of this culture. The line You must.. disturbing Sarasvati highlights the idea the freedom is in respecting ones culture and self but not enjoying oneself which is selfishness. There is a hint of dualism in 17th and 18th lines.These lines express the value system which is an obligation in this culture. We can understand this with the word must in the poem. Bhatt suddenly shifts her tone from reverential attitude to bitter and emotional tone in the second part of the poem. She questions all the histories in the world to recollect how diverse oppressors and conquerors left their tongues to destroy other cultures. The metaphor oppressors tongue and two rhetorical questions in the second part make the readers feel guilty of human history. It is a history of oppression which left dark chapters.The word murder makes it very clear that the history of oppressors is not very appreciable. She expresses her bitterness and shows aggressiveness for forcing the tongue on a different culture. Bhatt closes the poem with amazement in the last 7 lines. She uses enjambment to compose the complex idea of acquisition of strange language. She asks how does it happen but continues to answer her own question with wonder and amazement. Bhatt feels that it is quiet difficult to understand how people love the language left by the conquerors face after the soul borne the torture.It becomes wonder for the poet to notice that the people here were left with cropped soul but they stepped into future to love the strange tongue. English language must be the strange language that she refers in the poem. Maybe, people here welcome the change with time and life and they are kind to forgive or forget the past as it is no more important in the present. She uses the unborn grandchildren which allows the readers to understand that the present generations are living in a different culture where everyone ccepts other cultures. Bhatt seems to be fearful to see the danger of forgetting the language of origin.Because the strange language is engaging now, it may lead to the disappearance of mother tongue. She uses unborn grandchildren to mean the generations who would come in this world. She also hints that these generations would call for and welcome all the cultures that they live in. Today, the world is not left with a culture that is purely not affected. So the poet thinks one might live and expect different cultures that affect them.The poet gives us the universal radix of acceptance of all the cultures. Though one would love his/her own culture, it also happens that people(souls) accept and begin to love other language(strange language). In conclusion, I think that the poem explores the ideas from culture to values and oppression to loving strange language. Readers also understand the ideas of culture, religion, beliefs and a history with difference where people are kind and modest to accept different culture and their language yet continue to have a different history for themselves.

How did the Civil war affect government in the United States Essay

How did the Civil war affect governing body in the United States - Essay ExampleThe American Civil War abnormal the government of the United States in both positive and negative ways. The positive effect was the fleeing of slaves meaning on that point was no more slavery, no segregation of people that was done by looking at hide color and every citizen is being treated equally. Additionally, because of war the economic power of America increased and disappointed that of stable countries of that time. Apart from the positive effects of the American civil war, there were negative ones such as the government becoming stronger and powerful making it to be known as a government with interminable powers, the Southern citizens were forced back to the union, and their voting rights were taken away (Taylor 18). In addition, many families were also split and without knowledge br another(prenominal)s fought each other which led to the intensifying of the civil war (Taylor 2).There were improvements that were noticed in the transportation sector the Erie Canal was opened in the year 1823 due to government support. In addition, the turn of the railroad in the year 1840 was termed a credit on the government side. Second, land policy was other issue of the civil war whereby the government distributed the land equally among the people in America. Thirdly, the federal government took part in regulating and leasing rules that were to govern the banking system in the United States introduced banking systems. Fourthly, the government took part in solving tariff differences that existed between the Southerners and Northerners. The Southerners on one hand were for the idea of buying produced goods externally with no duties imposed on while the people from the west had no idea of which side to go, and this caused a tie of controversy that forced the government to interfere (Ransom).Moreover, because of the civil war the government was obliged to acquiring loans from other developed nations to meet its financial obligations. This was to be paid easily by imposing revenues

Materiality in Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 7

Materiality in Auditing - Essay ExampleFinancial mistakes are not unendingly unintentional instead there is a culture of making misstatements in accounting due some(prenominal) reasons including unexpected errors, mistakes or negligence level of misstatement and/or fraud cases. Pointing out and examining the level of misstatement and its impact on the whole financial performance is one of the major concerns of auditors.Rittenberg, Johnstone, and Grambling (2011) suggested that the point or level of misstatements or corporeality in entropy possess high concerns of auditors judgments and baffle. The term materiality refers to the acceptable level of misstatement according to the experience and judgments of the auditors that do not affect the decisions of financial statement readers (Financial Accounting threadbare Board). It sounds vague that a extremely sensitive document and its materiality issues are left only to the judgments and knowledge of the auditors. Unfortunately, it is widely practiced and unplowed secret by the auditors as stated by Mock, at el (2009). The gaps in the phenomena are decisive and should be covered with identifiable measures.It is necessary to develop a level of understanding for establishing accurate measures to incubate the problem. For the purpose of getting deep insight of the matter of materiality in auditing, the piece of writing is crafted to specify and discuss wider aspects of materiality.The importance of materiality is apparent in the making of financial statement. International Accounting Standard boards conceptual framework for preparing financial statements defined materiality as the data stupefy material if its alteration or omission affects the stakeholders decisions (Todea, Joldos, and Cioca, 2013). To elaborate materiality is the cut-off point of accepting material data to the level up to which it does not impact in decision-making via financial statement drivers. Although, IASB

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 31

Business - Essay ExampleIt is evident that a lot of companies are planning to or offering telecommuting services to their employees. Drastic wear conditions are among factors that are pushing companies to offer telecommuting. Employees in Washington saved the government a hulky sum of money by running(a) from home during official snow days. This is according to research make by Global Workplace Analytics. According to Lister, Telecommuting is the only way companies will know how to pretend work places and design work practices and decide what technology is needed for support (Tugend).Today, telecommuting is not restrain to one sector of the existence but men, women, young, old, parents, and non parents all participate. The bind states that individuals who work from home tend to be more productive and put in more working hours. It is however important for an employee to combine two working at home and from the office, since working from home alone my affect promotion chances . Telecommuting has crowing drastically and a lot of individual are full time employees working from home. On average, the article states that the number of Americans working outside the office is as high as thirty percent of the population (Tugend). Telecommuting is helping companies reduce office spaces but still a large number of individuals would prefer to combine both working at home and from the office.The second article Working Productively as a Telecommuter outlines tips on how to become a successful telecommuter. For a lot of people, the idea of telecommuting is working from the comfort of your home in pajamas without the rush of the office. The article however states that this is not a healthy smell and is destined to failure for any individual telecommuting. Even if working from home an individual needs to moderate is serious. One should be focused and work hard just as if he was his own oldtimer (Garone).The article gives tips on how to be successful in telecommutin g. For first time